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Within the synthetic yarn industry there are many different terms used to describe features of the process, characteristics of the yarn and methods of measurement. The following table of definitions is designed to help clarify the terms used in this web site as well as to help general understanding of terms in the industry.
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Term
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Definition
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Alternative Terms
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Interlace / Interlacing
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Method of creating improved mechanical cohesion between filaments by using air jets to interlace/entangle the filaments, normally this results in "interlace nodes" in the yarn.
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Taking
Entanglement
Mingling
InterMingling
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Interlace Peak Frequency
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The fundamental frequency at which an air jet inserts nodes in to a yarn - this can be (and normally is) a much higher figure than the actual nodes per meter - this is as a result of missed nodes. Typically in POY the Peak Frequency is about 30 nodes per metre and in DTY between 80 and 160 nodes per metre depending on air jet characteristics.
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Nodes
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The closed section of an interlaced yarn where all (or most of) the filaments come together.
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Tak Points
Nips
Taks
Interlace Points
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Node Distance
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The distance between two nodes
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Skip Distance
Open Length
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Maximum Node Distance
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The maximum distance between two nodes in the tested length of yarn. This is normally the most critical aspect of Interlace in a yarn
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Maximum Open Length
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Interlace Retention
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The strength of the interlace nodes normally defined as Percent Retention at a Percentage Elongation. eg: Retention = 83% at 4% elongation.
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Node Strength
Entanglement Strength
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Co-mingling
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Interlacing of two yarns together to form a single "plied" yarn
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Plying
2 Ply
Multi-Ply
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Broken Filaments
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A free end of a filament protruding from the yarn bundle
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Fluffs
Capillaries
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Slub
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A length of one or more filaments wrapped around the yarn
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Knot, Fluff
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Loops
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A short section of a single filament protruding from the yarn bundle without a broken end
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Spin Finish Level
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The mean quantity of spin finish on the yarn expressed as a percentage by weight.
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OPU, Oil Level
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Denier Variation
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A measurement of the short term variation in Titre over yarn lengths between 1m and 50m
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Short Term Denier Variation
U% (Uster term)
Denier CV
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On Line Monitoring
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Continuous monitoring of the quality of all threadlines on a machine with fixed sensors
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OLM
Quality Monitoring
Total Quality System
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At Line Testing
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Measurement of yarn quality in the running threadline with a portable instrument
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Transient Fault
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A short term - non periodic fault - after which the process returns to a normal running state. Typically seen in Bulk and Tension measurement in the DTY Process and Spin Finish application in all extrusion processes.
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Transient Limits
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The monitoring limits that are used to trap short term faults. Depending on the nature of the measurement these limits can "track" the mean value
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Tracking Limits
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Spandex
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High stretch elastic Yarns
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Elastomer, Elastane
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